Function declared in a loop contains unsafe references to variable(s) 'console'
16
17 for (const key in colors) {
18 // Each color method calls console.log with the color as the first argument,followed by any additional arguments.
19 Logger.prototype[key] = function(...args) {20 console.log(colors[key], ...args);21 };22 }
23 }
24}
Description
Writing functions within loops tends to result in errors due to the way the function creates a closure around the loop. For example:
for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++)
funcs[i] = function() {
return i;
};
}
In this case, you would expect each function created within the loop to return a different number. In reality, each function returns 10, because that was the last value of i in the scope.
let or const mitigate this problem.
for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
funcs[i] = function() {
return i;
};
}
In this case, each function created within the loop returns a different number as expected.
Bad Practice
for (let i = 10; i; i--) {
(function() { return i; })();
}
while(i) {
const a = function() { return i; };
a();
}
do {
function a() { return i; };
a();
} while (i);
let foo = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
//Bad, `foo` is not in the loop-block's scope and `foo` is modified in/after the loop
setTimeout(() => console.log(foo));
foo += 1;
}
for (let i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
//Bad, `foo` is not in the loop-block's scope and `foo` is modified in/after the loop
setTimeout(() => console.log(foo));
}
foo = 100;
Recommended
let a = function() {};
for (let i = 10; i; i--) {
a();
}
for (let i = 10; i; i--) {
const a = function() {}; // OK, no references to variables in the outer scopes.
a();
}
for (let i = 10; i; i--) {
const a = function() { return i; }; // OK, all references are referring to block scoped variables in the loop.
a();
}
const foo = 100;
for (let i = 10; i; i--) {
const a = function() { return foo; }; // OK, all references are referring to never modified variables.
a();
}
//... no modifications of foo after this loop ...