AWS CloudFormation Linter

Invalid templateSCC-SA1001 Invalid regular expressionSCC-SA1000 The variable in the loop condition never changesSCC-SA4008 Value assigned to a variable is never read before being overwrittenSCC-SA4006 Invalid format in `time.Parse`SCC-SA1002 Exported function returning value of unexported typeRVV-B0011 The result of append is not used anywhereSCC-SA4010 Found assignment to `nil` mapSCC-SA5000 Found `time.Now().Sub(t)` instead of `time.Since(t)`SCC-S1012 Found manual trimming of stringSCC-S1017 Found redundant `nil` check in type assertionSCC-S1020 Found variable declaration and assignment separatelySCC-S1021 Invalid URL in `net/url.Parse`SCC-SA1007 Found `for` loop instead of `append`SCC-S1011 Found manually copying of struct fieldsSCC-S1016 Use `copy()` for sliding elementsSCC-S1018 Found redundant control flowSCC-S1023 Found `x.Sub(time.Now())` instead of `time.Until(x)`SCC-S1024 Don't use `fmt.Sprintf("%s", x)` unnecessarilySCC-S1025 Found unnecessary multiple type assertionSCC-S1034 Found trapping a signal that cannot be trappedSCC-SA1016 Channels used with `signal.Notify` should be bufferedSCC-SA1017 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or fieldSCC-SA1019 Found empty critical sectionSCC-SA2001 Cannot marshal channels or functionsSCC-SA1026 Found non-idiomatic returning of boolean expressionSCC-S1008 Invalid first argument to `exec.Command`SCC-SA1005 Detected usage of `defer` in `for`/`range` loopSCC-SA9001 Found redundant `nil` check on sliceSCC-S1009 Found usage of default slice indexSCC-S1010 Unsupported argument to functions in `encoding/binary`SCC-SA1003 `(*regexp.Regexp).FindAll` called with `n == 0` always returns zero resultsSCC-SA1010 Range over the string directlySCC-SA6003 Found inefficient `string` comparison with `strings.ToLower` or `strings.ToUpper`SCC-SA6005 Empty string test can be improvedCRT-A0004 Function call can be replaced with helper functionCRT-A0010 Duplicate body found in branchesCRT-D0006 Duplicate cases found in `switch` statementCRT-D0007 Duplicate operands found around a binary operatorCRT-D0008 Suspicious regex patternCRT-D0019 Multiple `append` can be combined into a single callCRT-P0001 The boolean expression can be simplifiedCRT-D0018 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or fieldGO-W1009 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `archive/tar` packageGO-W1014 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `go/importer` packageGO-W1015 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `os` packageGO-W1010 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `net` packageGO-W1011 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `go/types` packageGO-W1012 Using a deprecated function, variable, constant or field from `image` packageGO-W1013 Unused method receiverRVV-B0013 `sort.Slice` can only be used on slicesGO-W5002 Missing an optimization opportunity when indexing maps by byte slicesSCC-SA6001 Simplify `error` construction with `fmt.Errorf`SCC-S1028 Replace `for` loop with call to `copy` for sliceSCC-S1001 Boolean expression has identical expressions on both sidesSCC-SA4000 Replace call to `bytes.Compare` with `bytes.Equal`SCC-S1004 Found empty body in an `if` or `else` branchSCC-SA9003 Flagname has suspicious charactersCRT-D0012 Unused parameter in functionRVV-B0012 Self-assignment of variablesSCC-SA4018 It is not possible to use `time.Timer.Reset()`'s return value correctlySCC-SA1025 Error compilingSCC-compile Slice index out of boundsSCC-SA5006 Non-pointer value passed to `Unmarshal` or `Decode`SCC-SA1014 `time.Tick` used in leaky waySCC-SA1015 Some violation of cgo pointer passing rulesVET-V0006 Incorrect usage of `sync/atomic` packageVET-V0003 Bad usage of boolean operatorsVET-V0004 Signature of methods of well-known interfaces probably not satisfiedVET-V0015 Shifts >= the width of the integerVET-V0014 Lock erroneously passed by valueVET-V0008 References to loop variable from within nested functionVET-V0010 Useless comparisons between functions and `nil`VET-V0012 Non-pointer or non-interface values passed to `Unmarshal`VET-V0018 `gin.LoadHTMLGlob` with ill-formed pattern would panicGO-E1000 Redis function called with an incorrect number of argumentsGO-E1001 Unimplemented Redis method call would panicGO-E1002 Sanitize insecure filename before useGO-S1000 Avoid building query with zero values in a structGO-E1004 Avoid model update query with zero values in a structGO-E1005 `string` to `int` signedness castingGO-E1006 Hidden goroutineGO-E1007 Invalid `result` operator in `Compare` functionGO-E1003 Use `any` instead of `interface{}`GO-R3001 Reorder operands for optimizationGO-P3001 Non-idiomatic slice zeroing `for` loopGO-P4001 Early return in if-then-else`GO-R3002 Potential DoS vulnerability via decompression bombGO-S2110 Possible `nil` pointer dereferenceGO-W5016 Deleting a directory that shouldn’t be deletedGO-W5019 Inappropriate usage of `t.Parallel()` methodGO-W6007 Exporting pointer for loop variablesGO-W6005 Poorly formed nilness guardsGO-E1008 Audit required: Possibly odd compound for assignment operators: '+=' or '-='GO-E1009 Using a non-pointer or non-error value with `errors.As`GO-W6001 Using `string(int)` for `int` to `string` conversionGO-W1020 Using `string(int)` for `int` to `string` conversionGO-W1021 `strings.HasPrefix` with constant strings as argumentsGO-W1022 `strings.HasSuffix` with constant strings as argumentsGO-W1023 Assembly clobbers the frame pointer before saving itGO-W6002 Using `string(int)` for `int` to `string` conversionGO-W6003 Defering `Close` before checking for a possible errorSCC-SA5001 Trying to marshal a struct with no public fields nor custom marshalingSCC-SA9005 Using bytes.Equal to compare two net.IPSCC-SA1021 Using an invalid `host:port` pair with `net.Listen`SCC-SA1020 Invalid `UTF-8` value providedSCC-SA1011 Bitwise operations, such as `x ^ 0`, do not do anything usefulSCC-SA4016 Simplify `make` call by omitting redundant argumentsSCC-S1019 Redundant call to `net/http.CanonicalHeaderKey` in method call on `net/http.Header`SCC-S1035 A string cutset contains duplicate charactersSCC-SA1024 Deferred Lock right after lockingSCC-SA2003 Assigning to `b.N` in benchmarksSCC-SA3001 The empty for loop (`for {}`) spins and can block the schedulerSCC-SA5002 Comparing a value against NaN even though no value is equal to NaNSCC-SA4012 Atomic access to 64-bit variable must be 64-bit alignedSCC-SA1027 Called `testing.T.FailNow` or `testing.T.SkipNow` in a goroutineSCC-SA2002 Unreachable case clause in a type switchSCC-SA4020 `for { select { ... } }` with an empty default branch spinsSCC-SA5004 The finalizer references the finalized object, preventing garbage collectionSCC-SA5005 `strings.Replace`/ `bytes.Replace` called with `n == 0`, which does nothingSCC-SA1018 Comparing unsigned values against negative values is pointlessSCC-SA4003 Bind to all interfacesGSC-G102 Omit redundant `nil` check around loopSCC-S1031 Use `sort.Ints(x)`, `sort.Float64s(x)`, and `sort.Strings(x)`SCC-S1032 Found unnecessary guard around call to `delete`SCC-S1033 Modifying the buffer in an io.Writer implementationSCC-SA1023 sync.(*WaitGroup).Add called inside a goroutineSCC-SA2000 `&*x` or `*&x` gets simplified to `x` and it does not copy `x`SCC-SA4001 A function argument is overwritten before its first useSCC-SA4009 Audit the usage of unescaped data in HTML templatesGSC-G203 Simplify regular expression by using raw string literalSCC-S1007 Invalid `Printf` callSCC-SA5009 Using `regexp.Match` or related in a loopSCC-SA6000 The loop exits unconditionally after one iterationSCC-SA4004 Invalid tag used in structSCC-SA5008 Potential usage of DES, RC4, MD5 or SHA1GSC-G401 Potentially bad TLS connection settingsGSC-G402 RSA key length less than 2048 bitsGSC-G403 Suspiciously small untyped constant in `time.Sleep`SCC-SA1004 `Printf` with dynamic first argument and no further argumentsSCC-SA1006 Non-canonical key in `http.Header` mapSCC-SA1008 `nil` `context.Context` passed to functionSCC-SA1012 io.Seeker.Seek is being called with the whence constant IncorrectlySCC-SA1013 Storing non-pointer values in `sync.Pool` allocates memorySCC-SA6002 Useless assignmentVET-V0002 Mismatch between assembly file and Go declarationVET-V0001 Possibly malformed build tagVET-V0005 Unkeyed composite literalsVET-V0007 Issues with `cancel` func returned by context.WithCancelVET-V0011 Bad usage of tests and examplesVET-V0017 `sync.WaitGroup` should be passed as a pointerRVV-B0014 Unused codeSCC-U1000 Shadowing a `builtin`CRT-A0001 Empty `fallthrough` in switch statement can be avoidedCRT-A0003 Invalid conversions of `uintptr` to `unsafe.Pointer`VET-V0020 Method expression can be replaced with method callCRT-A0006 Redundant conversion between `string` and `[]byte`CRT-A0007 Nested `if` can be replaced with `else if`CRT-A0011 Simplify slice expression to sliced value itselfCRT-A0016 Function literal can be simplifiedCRT-A0018 `case` in `switch` is unreachableCRT-D0004 Duplicate arguments passed to functionCRT-D0005 Pointer from `flag` package's method dereferenced immediatelyCRT-D0009 Call to `os.Exit` or `log.Fatal` and friends made in function using `defer`CRT-D0011 Return of `nil` valueCRT-D0013 Incomplete conditionCRT-D0017 Potential truncation issueCRT-D0020 Function params involve heavy amount of copyingCRT-P0003 `strings.Index` call cause unwanted allocationsCRT-P0004 Copy of large value in `range`CRT-P0005 Copy of large value inside loopCRT-P0006 Exit inside non-main functionRVV-A0003 Functions prefixed with `Get` should return a valueRVV-A0006 Redundant else-blocks can be eliminatedRVV-A0009 Redundant statements can be removedRVV-A0010 Duplicate importsRVV-B0004 Redundant error checkingRVV-B0005 Possibly undesired value being used in goroutineRVV-B0007 Suspicious assignment of range-loop varsRVV-B0008 Redefinition of builtinRVV-B0009 Explicit type conversionRVV-B0010 Possible bad usage of HTTP responseVET-V0009 Unused results of calls to some functionsVET-V0021 Unnecessary guard around mapSCC-S1036 `TestMain` doesn't call `os.Exit`, hiding test failuresSCC-SA3000 Audit required: Insecure gRPC serverGO-S0902 Audit required: XML package may be vulnerable to XXE attacksGO-S0903 Audit required: Exposure of sensitive headersGO-S0901 Dot imports are discouragedSCC-ST1001 Unnecessary dereference expressionsCRT-S0012 Use of deprecated Redis methodsGO-W1000 Use of bare return statementsGO-R3003 Use of boolean literals in logic expressionsGO-R3004 Name of an un-exportable symbol starts with a capital letterGO-R3005 Use `http.NoBody` instead of `nil` in `http.NewRequest` callsGO-R4001 Unsafe defer of `.Close` methodGO-S2307 Invalid argument in call to a function from `strconv` packageGO-W5004 Incomplete URL scheme validationGO-S1004 Impossible comparison of interface value with untyped `nil`GO-W5006 String concatenation can be simplifiedGO-R4003 Unnecessary dereference expressionsGO-R4004 Audit required: XPath InjectionGO-S1013 Audit required: Command injection from user-controlled sourcesGO-S1015 Audit required: Incomplete regular expression for hostnameGO-S1016 Audit required: Unsafe quoting for `github.com/Masterminds/squirrel` packageGO-S1017 `break` statement with no effectSCC-SA4011 Audit required: DES cipher algorithm is cryptographically brokenGO-S1022 Audit required: MD5 cipher algorithm is cryptographically brokenGO-S1023 Audit required: RC4 cipher algorithm is cryptographically brokenGO-S1024 Audit required: SHA1 cipher algorithm is cryptographically brokenGO-S1025 Audit required: `SkipDefaultTransaction` set to `false`GO-W1004 Comparing the address of a variable against nilGO-W5005 Poor file permissions used when writing to a new fileGO-S2306 Audit required: `GetLogger` is only for internal use of etcd's clientGO-W1003 `x % 1` is always zeroGO-W5011 `defer`red function literal can be simplifiedGO-C4005 Constant state value in OAuth 2.0 URLGO-S1001 Stack trace exposureGO-S1002 Open URL RedirectGO-S1003 Incomplete Redirect URL validationGO-S1005 Reflected cross-site scriptingGO-S1006 Checking for impossible return value from a builtin functionGO-W5007 Risky constant length comparisonGO-S1007 Size computation for allocation may overflowGO-S1008 Missing regular expression anchorGO-S1009 Integer division of literals that results in zeroGO-W5008 Bitwise exclusive-or used like exponentiationGO-S1012 Email content injectionGO-S1014 Decoding JWT token without validation stepGO-S1019 `MinVersion` is missing from this TLS configurationGO-S1020 Potential slowloris attackGO-S2112 SSLv3 is irreparably broken transport security protocolGO-S1021 Use `net.JoinHostPort` instead of `fmt.Sprintf(...)`GO-S1027 `http.NewRequest` request send to `http://` URLsGO-S1028 TLS cipher suite used is considered weakGO-S1029 Profiling endpoint automatically exposed on `/debug/pprof`GO-S2108 Potential path traversalGO-S2111 Use of `net/http`'s `ListenAndServe` function has no support for setting timeoutsGO-S2114 Impossible interface `nil` checkGO-W1001 `if` and `else`'s condition are the sameGO-W1002 `DryRun` is enabledGO-W1005 Audit required: Use of `reflect.MakeFunc`GO-W1006 Potential issue in `filepath.Join()` function callsGO-W4001 Malformed "code generated" commentGO-W4002 Suspicious `regexp`GO-W4004 Type assertion to current typeGO-W5001 Go constants cannot express negative zeroGO-W5009 `(*net/url.URL).Query` returns a copy, modifying it doesn’t change the URLGO-W5010 Ineffective attempt at sorting sliceGO-W5012 Checking never-nil value against `nil`GO-W5014 Impossible type assertionGO-W5015 Passing odd-sized slice to function expecting even sizeGO-W5017 Dubious bit shifting of a fixed size integer valueGO-W5018 `else` branch of a type assertion is probably not reading the right valueGO-W5020 Ineffective attempt generating random numberGO-W5013 Inappropriate key in call to `context.WithValue`GO-W5003 Bad usage of tests and examplesGO-W1019 Use `(*mail.Address).String()` instead of `fmt.Sprintf` for mail addressGO-W1031 Use `t.Setenv` and friends instead of `os.Setenv` for test file(s)GO-W1032 `Printf`-like function without `f` suffixGO-W6006 Bad usage of tests and examplesGO-W1018 Redundant boolean conditionGO-W1028 Bad use of `recover()`GO-W1030 Audit required: Use of PKCS #1 v1.5 padding with RSAGO-S1030 Audit required: Possible uncontrolled resource consumption using `doublestar.FilepathGlob`GO-S1048 Audit required: `(*crypto/x509.Certificate).Verify` does not use the system time for verificationGO-S1032 Audit Required: Insecure cookie for fiber sessionsGO-S1040 Audit Required: `Same-Site` attribute improperly configured for fiber session cookieGO-S1041 Audit Required: `Same-Site` attribute improperly configured for gin session cookieGO-S1042 Audit required: Possible uncontrolled resource consumption using `doublestar.Glob`GO-S1047 Audit required: Exposure of directory listing using `net/http.FileServer`GO-S1034 Exposure of directory listing using `Static`GO-S1036 Audit Required: Insecure cookie for gin sessionsGO-S1044 Redundant type in variable declarationGO-C5001 Malformed "deprecated" doc commentGO-D4001 Use `utf8.DecodeRuneInString` instead of `[]rune(string)[0]`GO-P4006 Use `fmt.Fprint` instead of `(io.Writer).Write` along with `fmt.Sprint`GO-P4007 Use `(io.StringWriter).WriteString` for writing stringsGO-P4008 Audit required: `(*crypto/x509.Certificate).Verify` does not check for certificate revocationGO-S1031 Random number generator seed doesn't have enough entropyGO-S1033 Exposure of directory listing using `Serve` / `ServeFS`GO-S1035 Using less than 310,000 iterations for PBKDF2GO-S1037 Using a constant salt for PBKDF2GO-S1038 Non HTTP-only cookie for fiber sessionsGO-S1039 Non HTTP-only cookie for gin sessionsGO-S1043 Using a cost factor of less than 10 for bcryptGO-S1045 Using a cost factor of less than 32768 for `scrypt`GO-S1046 Audit required: Tainted value reached a sinkGO-S7000 Pointer from `flag` package's method dereferenced immediatelyGO-W1017 Empty error stringGO-W1024 Recursive call to the `String` receiverGO-W1025 Recursive call to the `Format` receiverGO-W1026 Usage of both value and pointer receiversGO-W1029 Potentially unwanted dependency on evaluation orderGO-W4006 Reassignment of an error from another packageGO-W4007 Suspicious `http.Error` call without following returnGO-W4008 Suspicious call to `sort.Slice`GO-W4009 Potential issue in `Query` callGO-W4010 Subsequent calls to `Load` and `Delete` on `sync.Map` should be replaced with `LoadAndDelete`GO-W4011 `sync.Mutex` or `sync.RWMutex` methods exposedGO-W4013 Call to `(*testing.T).Fatal` and friends from the non-test goroutineGO-W6004 Calling functions like `math.Ceil` on floats converted from integersSCC-SA4015 `if`-`else-if` chain has duplicate conditions without side-effectSCC-SA4014 Pure function's return value is discarded, making the call pointlessSCC-SA4017 Duplicate build constraintsSCC-SA4019 Incorrect usage of `append`SCC-SA4021 Logical expression evaluating to constant valueRVV-A0001 Use `for { ... }` instead of `for true { ... }` loopsSCC-S1006 Use `(*bytes.Buffer).String` or `(*bytes.Buffer).Bytes`SCC-S1030 Inconsistency of Printf format strings and argumentsVET-V0013 Infinite recursive callSCC-SA5007 Import blacklist: crypto/desGSC-G502 Import blacklist: crypto/rc4GSC-G503 Import blacklist: net/http/cgiGSC-G504 Pointer from `flag` package's method dereferenced immediatelyGO-W1016 Swapping can be done using parallel assignmentCRT-A0009 Import blacklist: crypto/sha1GSC-G505 Use plain channel send or receiveSCC-S1000 Poor file permissions used when creating a directoryGSC-G301 Poor file permissions used when creating a file or using `os.Chmod`GSC-G302 Creating tempfile using a predictable pathGSC-G303 Method modifies receiverRVV-B0006 Using a non-octal os.FileModeSCC-SA9002 Only the first constant has an explicit typeSCC-SA9004 Replace call to `strings.Index` with `strings.Contains`SCC-S1003 Drop unnecessary use of the blank identifierSCC-S1005 Defers in infinite loops will never executeSCC-SA5003 Off-by-one errorCRT-D0015 Use `time.Sleep` instead of single case `select`SCC-S1037 A switch's default case should be the first or last caseSCC-ST1015 Unnecessary blockCRT-A0008 Audit the use of `ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey` functionGSC-G106 Audit the random number generation source (rand)GSC-G404 A function's error value should be its last return valueSCC-ST1008 File path traversal when extracting zip archiveGSC-G305 Import blacklist: crypto/md5GSC-G501 `true` is implicit in `switch` statementsCRT-A0015 Hex literal with mixed case lettersCRT-A0005 `switch` with single case can be rewritten as `if` or `if-else`CRT-A0014 Types of function parameters can be combinedCRT-A0017 `append` possibly assigns to a wrong variableCRT-D0001 Possibly incorrect order of argumentsCRT-D0002 Possibly wrong conditional expressionCRT-D0003 `context.Context` should be the first paramRVV-A0002 Confusing naming of struct fields or methodsRVV-B0001 Use constants from `net/http` for HTTP status codes, not the codes directlySCC-ST1013 Don't use Yoda conditionsSCC-ST1017 Avoid zero-width and control characters in string literalsSCC-ST1018 Unnecessary use of `fmt.Sprint/Sprintf`SCC-S1039 Use consistent method receiver namesSCC-ST1016 Poorly chosen name for error variableSCC-ST1012 Poorly chosen name for variable of type time.DurationSCC-ST1011 Audit required: Insecure use of loggerGO-S0904 Audit required: `encoding/xml` is unsafe for security-critical operationsGO-S0905 Incorrect or missing package commentSCC-ST1000 Poorly chosen identifierSCC-ST1003 Poorly chosen receiver nameSCC-ST1006 Use `http.FileSystem(http.Dir(...))` instead of `gin.Dir(...,true)`GO-R1000 Use `%q` to quote a string in `fmt.Sprintf` format specifiersGO-R4002 Non-idiomatic comment formattingGO-C4004 Deprecated `io/ioutil` package usageGO-C4001 Immediate dereferencing of `new` expressionsGO-C4002 Manual conversion to milli or micro secondsGO-C4003 Regular expression can be simplifiedGO-C4007 Function returns too many resultsGO-C4008 Prefer `WriteByte` over `WriteRune` for byte literalsGO-P4005 Use `KeyExists` from `go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3/clientv3util` insteadGO-R1001 Use `KeyMissing` from `go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3/clientv3util` insteadGO-R1002 Uncontrolled data used in network requestGO-S1010 Inconsistent direction of `for` loopGO-S1011 `strings.Index` used to cut a stringGO-W1008 Suspicious map literal keyGO-W4003 Importing the same package multiple timesGO-W5021 The documentation of an exported type should start with the type’s nameGO-D5002 Simplify `if` statement for single bool judgmentGO-R1004 Empty declarationGO-W4005 Method declaration preceding the type definitionGO-C4009 TODO comments written without any detail or assigneeGO-C4010 Simplify `Before` or `After` call of `time.Time`GO-C4011 Unnecessary call to `strings.Compare`GO-C4012 Documentation of an exported function should start with the function’s nameGO-D5001 The documentation of an exported variable or constant should start with the variable’s nameGO-D5003 Use `(*bytes.Buffer).Reset` insteadGO-R1003 Empty slice literal used to declare a variableGO-W1027 Redundant `defer`ring of callsGO-W4012 Prefer `filepath.Join` instead of concatenating strings with `os.PathSeparator`GO-W4014 Redundant type assertionsGO-W4015 Unchecked error in `if` statementGO-W4016 Suspicious formatting of errorsGO-W4017 Function with cyclomatic complexity higher than thresholdGO-R1005 Negating a boolean twiceSCC-SA4013 Function call made to an `unsafe` packageGSC-G103 Omit comparison with boolean constantSCC-S1002 Incorrectly formatted error stringSCC-ST1005

GO-R3001

Use `any` instead of `interface{}`GO-R3001

Critical

Anti-pattern

In Go 1.18+, empty interface (interface {}) is recommended to be replaced by any.

Bad practice

func deepsource(n interface{}) { ... }

Recommended

func deepsource(n any) { ... }